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K-EXAONE 2.0

Serve LG AI Research’s K-EXAONE 2.0 750B-A37B in NVFP4 with Dynamo and vLLM on B200.

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This recipe serves LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B-NVFP4 — a 764.5B-parameter MoE with ~37B active per token, 256 experts at top-8 routing, and hybrid attention (20 full-attention plus 58 sliding-attention layers) — on B200 with vLLM. Multi-Token Prediction is enabled, and the MoE kernel is pinned to FLASHINFER_CUTLASS for correctness. Pick aggregated or disaggregated; every command on this page updates to match.

Choose your deployment target

Topology
Checkpoint LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B-NVFP4Precision NVFP4 W4A4 + FP8 KV cacheGPUs 4x B200Parallelism TP4Spec decoding MTP, draft length 2Workload 8K ISL / 1K OSL chat trace, designed for ~70% prefix reuse (~8.8% achieved here)
Checkpoint LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B-NVFP4Precision NVFP4 W4A4 + FP8 KV cacheGPUs 8x B200, 4 prefill + 4 decodeParallelism TP4 prefill, TP4 decodeKV transfer NIXL over UCX, InfiniBand RDMAWorkload 8K ISL / 1K OSL chat trace, ~70% prefix reuse

Prerequisites

  • A Kubernetes cluster with the Dynamo Operator.
  • A ReadWriteMany storage class with at least 700 GB free — the checkpoint is ~530 GB on disk.
  • A Hugging Face token with access to LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B-NVFP4.
  • 4x B200 on a single node.
  • 8x B200, ideally on a single node. Prefill and decode are co-located by a preferred pod affinity so the KV hop stays on one fabric where capacity allows; a required affinity deadlocks the operator’s gang scheduling. KV moves over IB RDMA, so a split placement still works, just slower.
  • An RDMA device plugin exposing InfiniBand HCAs as a Kubernetes extended resource. deploy-ib.yaml already carries the fabric settings — do not add your own on top. Review them first; they are cluster-specific. See Notes.

Deploy

Create the namespace, token secret, and storage:

export NAMESPACE=your-namespace
kubectl create namespace ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl create secret generic hf-token-secret --from-literal=HF_TOKEN=${HF_TOKEN} -n ${NAMESPACE}
# edit storageClassName to match your cluster first
kubectl apply -f recipes/k-exaone-2.0/model-cache/model-cache.yaml -n ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl apply -f recipes/k-exaone-2.0/model-cache/model-download.yaml -n ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl wait --for=condition=complete job/model-download -n ${NAMESPACE} --timeout=6h
kubectl apply -f recipes/k-exaone-2.0/vllm/agg-b200-chat/deploy-generic.yaml -n ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready dgd/k-exaone-2-vllm-b200-agg-chat -n ${NAMESPACE} --timeout=7200s
kubectl apply -f recipes/k-exaone-2.0/vllm/disagg-b200-chat/deploy-ib.yaml -n ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready dgd/k-exaone-2-vllm-b200-disagg-chat -n ${NAMESPACE} --timeout=7200s

First start takes 40–120 minutes: 53 shards load, then autotune, then CUDA-graph capture. Silence is not a hang — watch the worker log for shard progress.

Smoke Test

kubectl port-forward svc/k-exaone-2-vllm-b200-agg-chat-frontend 8000:8000 -n ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl port-forward svc/k-exaone-2-vllm-b200-disagg-chat-frontend 8000:8000 -n ${NAMESPACE}
curl -s localhost:8000/v1/chat/completions -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{
"model": "LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B-NVFP4",
"messages": [{"role":"user","content":"In 2-3 sentences, explain why the daytime sky is blue."}],
"max_tokens": 2048, "temperature": 0.6, "top_p": 0.95
}' | jq -r '.choices[0].message.content // .choices[0].message.reasoning_content'

This is a reasoning model. Use temperature 0.6 rather than greedy decoding, give it a generous token budget, and read .content // .reasoning_content — reasoning consumes the budget before the final answer, so a short cap prints null on a perfectly healthy deployment.

Benchmark

kubectl apply -f recipes/k-exaone-2.0/perf/perf.yaml -n ${NAMESPACE}

Trace replay with AIPerf against the Mooncake 8K/1K/70%-reuse chat trace. See perf/README.md for staging the trace, running a concurrency sweep, and fetching artifacts.

Expected Performance

Mooncake chat trace replay, 1,805 requests, at the highest concurrency meeting both E2E ≥ 50 tok/s/user and TTFT p50 < 5 s.

WorkloadRecipeFrameworkSKUConcurrencySystem output tok/s/GPUUser output tok/s (P50)TTFT P50 (ms)
Chat 8K/1K traceagg-b200-chatvLLMB20078751.4291

ITL p50 is 19.15 ms.

Measured KV reuse on this workload is 8.8%: the trace’s working set far exceeds TP4’s KV capacity, so blocks are evicted before they can be reused.

Mooncake chat trace replay, 1,805 requests, at the highest concurrency meeting the same gate.

WorkloadRecipeFrameworkSKUConcurrencySystem output tok/s/GPUUser output tok/s (P50)TTFT P50 (ms)
Chat 8K/1K tracedisagg-b200-chatvLLMB200148554.92,230

ITL p50 is 15.98 ms.

Throughput per GPU is level with the aggregated target, for twice the GPUs. Choose this target for lower per-token latency and independent prefill/decode scaling, not for throughput.

38 of the trace’s 1,805 requests exceed the 262,144-token context ceiling and return HTTP 400; they are excluded from the metrics.

Compare All Targets

TargetGPUsTopologyParallelismSpec decodingKV transfer
Aggregated4x B200AggregatedTP4MTP, DL=2n/a
Disaggregated8x B2001P1DTP4 / TP4MTP, DL=2 on both rolesNIXL/UCX over IB RDMA

Supported Features

FeatureNotes
NVFP4 (W4A4) weights✅the FLASHINFER_CUTLASS MoE backend is mandatory — see Notes
FP8 KV cache✅the checkpoint declares kv_cache_quant_algo: FP8; it is the default path
Prefix caching✅on by default
Speculative decoding (MTP)✅--spec-method mtp --spec-tokens 2
Reasoning parser✅--dyn-reasoning-parser qwen3
Tool calling✅--dyn-tool-call-parser qwen3_coder
Disaggregated serving✅NIXL over UCX; needs an RDMA device plugin
KV-aware routing✅wired end to end; inert at the shipped replicas: 1, correct when you scale out
262,144-token context✅the checkpoint’s native window, served in full with no rope scaling
Expert parallelism➖no measurable gain at TP4; not enabled

Notes

  • The MoE backend pin is a correctness requirement. vLLM’s auto selection picks FLASHINFER_TRTLLM, which silently corrupts long-form output on this checkpoint — fluent, plausible, wrong, with no error. Both manifests pin --kernel-config '{"moe_backend":"FLASHINFER_CUTLASS"}'; the pinned kernel is slower and that cost is inside the figures above.

  • Use the --dyn-* parser flags. Plain --reasoning-parser and --tool-call-parser configure the engine only and never reach the Dynamo frontend, so tool calling silently does nothing.

  • TP4 is both the floor and the optimum. ~530 GB of weights does not fit TP2 on 180 GB B200s, and TP8 is slower per GPU: this model is communication-bound rather than KV-capacity-bound.

  • Disaggregated: prefill and decode must agree on speculative decoding and block size. A mismatch changes KV block geometry and produces silent garbage rather than an error. --max-num-seqs is the deliberate exception: 32 on prefill, 256 on decode.

  • deploy-ib.yaml already carries the InfiniBand settings, and they are cluster-specific. Check both against your cluster before deploying, and do not add your own fabric configuration on top. The RDMA extended resource is requested as rdma/shared_ib; other clusters expose rdma/ib or rdma/rdma_shared_device_a, and a shared flavour is preferable — with an exclusive-mode resource, two co-located workers each claiming HCAs can deadlock NCCL bootstrap. UCX_TLS is set to rc_x,rc,cuda_copy,cuda_ipc, which are the InfiniBand verbs transports and are wrong on a RoCE or EFA fabric; tcp is omitted deliberately so a misconfigured fabric fails loudly instead of silently falling back to a slow transport. Verify the transport engaged before trusting any measurement:

    kubectl exec <decode-worker> -n ${NAMESPACE} -- \
    curl -s localhost:9090/metrics | grep vllm:nixl_xfer_time_seconds

    Divide _sum by _count: a ~1 GB KV transfer should take milliseconds, not seconds.

  • KV-aware routing is wired end to end but inert at replicas: 1. The frontend ships --router-mode kv --router-kv-events and the worker (prefill, in the disaggregated recipe) ships --kv-events-config, so the block index is published and consumed. One worker is one destination, so raising replicas is all that is needed — no flag edit. On this workload achieved reuse is capacity-capped, so expect correct scale-out behaviour rather than a throughput gain.

  • There is no cache-clearing endpoint. dynamo.vllm runs the Dynamo worker rather than vLLM’s OpenAI server, so POST /reset_prefix_cache is not served anywhere and VLLM_SERVER_DEV_MODE has no effect. perf.yaml runs one CONCURRENCY value and does not salt its requests, so restart the workers between points to clear engine KV — otherwise each point inherits the previous point’s cache.

  • Context length is 262,144, the model’s native maximum. The checkpoint uses unscaled rope, so longer contexts would require a rope-scaling override with unvalidated accuracy.

Source