Installation Guide
This guide walks you through installing everything needed to deploy models with Dynamo on Kubernetes. Follow the steps in order — each builds on the previous one.
Prerequisites
Before you begin, make sure you have Helm v3 or later and choose the accelerator type in your cluster:
NVIDIA GPU
Intel GPU
- A Kubernetes 1.30 or later cluster with NVIDIA GPU nodes. See the cloud provider guides if you need to create one:
- Amazon EKS | Azure AKS | Google GKE
- For local development: Minikube Setup
kubectl1.30 or later.
The GPU Operator in the first installation step can install NVIDIA drivers. Do not also enable provider-managed drivers when you create the GPU node pool. If the nodes already have drivers, disable GPU Operator driver management as shown in that step.
Verify the client tools:
Overview
Every Dynamo deployment requires accelerator support and the Dynamo Platform. NVIDIA GPU clusters can use the NVIDIA GPU Operator. Intel GPU clusters use the Intel resource driver with DRA. The Dynamo Platform installation is the same after the cluster exposes its accelerator resources. Everything else is optional.
Grove + KAI Scheduler — Grove is the default multinode orchestrator. The operator returns a hard error on multinode deployments if neither Grove nor LeaderWorkerSet (LWS) is available. KAI Scheduler is optional but recommended alongside Grove for GPU-aware scheduling. See Multinode Orchestration for details.
Network Operator / RDMA — Without RDMA, disaggregated inference falls back to TCP automatically, but with severe performance degradation (~98s TTFT vs ~200-500ms with RDMA). Required for any production disaggregated deployment. Setup is cloud-provider-specific — see RDMA Setup and your cloud provider guide.
kube-prometheus-stack — Required for the Planner’s sla optimization mode (it reads live TTFT/ITL metrics from Prometheus). Also required for KEDA/HPA-based autoscaling. The Planner’s throughput mode can function without it using internal queue depth signals, but metrics-driven features will not work. See Metrics for details.
Shared storage — Prevents each pod from downloading model weights independently. Without it, large models (>70B) take hours to download per pod, and many replicas will hit HuggingFace rate limits. Not enforced by the operator — this is an operational concern. See the Model Storage Overview to choose a storage backend.
Install accelerator support
NVIDIA GPU
Intel GPU
The NVIDIA GPU Operator automates deployment of the drivers, container toolkit, device plugin, and monitoring components used by NVIDIA GPU nodes.
Set driver.enabled=false when the nodes already have provider-managed NVIDIA drivers. See the
AKS, EKS, or
GKE guide for provider-specific requirements.
Verify the installation:
Install the Dynamo Platform
Set your environment variables:
All helm install commands can be customized with your own values file: helm install ... -f your-values.yaml
Experimental. Development clusters only. The unfinished DGDR v1beta2 schemas are disabled by
default. The 1.2.1 chart shown above does not support this feature gate. To test the API before
a supporting release is available, use a development chart built from the current main branch
and add
--set "dynamo-operator.dgdrV1Beta2.enabled=true" to the Helm command.
The flag adds the v1beta2 DynamoGraphDeploymentRequest schema and installs the
DynamoGraphDeploymentRun and DynamoGraphDeploymentCandidate Custom Resource Definitions
(CRDs). It does not enable v1beta2 reconciliation, so the operator does not process resources
created with these schemas.
Kubernetes persists Run and Candidate objects in etcd. Because the schemas are not finalized, later schema changes can make stored objects unreadable or prevent a CRD upgrade. Do not enable this API on production or shared clusters.
Shared/Multi-Tenant Clusters: If a cluster-wide Dynamo operator is already running, do not install another one. Check with:
Namespace-restricted mode (namespaceRestriction.enabled=true) is only for development and
testing. It is not supported for production. Set dynamo-operator.upgradeCRD=false when you
enable this mode.
Verify the Dynamo platform is running:
Install Optional Components
The Dynamo install command above includes commented flags for each optional component. Install the component first, then uncomment the corresponding flag before running helm install in Step 2 (or run helm upgrade --reuse-values with the flag if you’ve already installed Dynamo).
Multinode:
Multinode deployments require an orchestrator for workloads that span multiple nodes. Gang scheduling is strongly recommended to schedule all required Pods together and avoid partial resource allocation that can leave workloads stalled. See Multinode Orchestration for details on orchestrator selection and configuration.
DisaggregatedSet is an opt-in multinode pathway below Grove. To request it for a new DGD, install an LWS release that serves disaggregatedset.x-k8s.io/v1 and set nvidia.com/enable-disaggregatedset: "true". When Grove is available and enabled, also set nvidia.com/enable-grove: "false". Dynamo persists the selected provider in nvidia.com/workload-provider; installing the DS API or changing the enable annotations does not change existing deployments. If the selected provider becomes unavailable, Dynamo reports Ready=False instead of silently switching providers. Delete and recreate the DGD to choose a different pathway.
The following sections describe how to enable gang scheduling for each supported orchestrator.
Grove + KAI Scheduler
There are two ways to enable Grove and KAI Scheduler, controlled by which flags you uncomment in the Dynamo install command:
install=true— Dynamo installs and manages Grove/KAI as bundled subcharts. Simplest path; recommended for dev/testing.enabled=true— Tells Dynamo that Grove/KAI are already installed and externally managed. Use this when you install Grove/KAI separately (e.g., to manage their lifecycle independently or share them across namespaces). Recommended for production.
For the enabled=true path, install Grove and KAI Scheduler separately first. See the Grove installation guide and KAI Scheduler deployment guide for instructions.
Compatibility matrix:
Upgrade Grove in lockstep with Dynamo while the Grove APIs remain unstable. Dynamo 1.3.x expects
Grove’s earlier ClusterTopology API and is incompatible with the newer
ClusterTopologyBinding API. Dynamo 1.4.x expects ClusterTopologyBinding.
LWS + Volcano
If you are not using Grove for multinode, you can use LeaderWorkerSet (LWS) (>= v0.7.0) with Volcano for gang scheduling. Both must be installed before deploying multinode workloads.
- Install Volcano:
- Install LWS with Volcano gang scheduling enabled. Use an LWS release that serves
disaggregatedset.x-k8s.io/v1(the current Dynamo operator dependency is LWSv0.10.0) when enabling DS; the standard DCD pathway supports LWSv0.7.0or newer:
See the LWS docs and Volcano docs for configuration options. See Multinode Orchestration to compare the supported orchestrators.
Network Operator / RDMA
RDMA setup is cloud-provider-specific. See RDMA Setup for requirements and platform-specific instructions:
- AKS — InfiniBand + Network Operator
- EKS — EFA device plugin (also see EFA on AWS)
- GKE — GPUDirect-TCPXO
kube-prometheus-stack
Install Prometheus before running the Dynamo install command so you can set the endpoint in one pass:
Then uncomment the prometheusEndpoint line in the Dynamo install command. The Dynamo operator automatically creates PodMonitors for its components. See Metrics for dashboard setup and available metrics, and Logging for the Grafana Loki + Alloy logging stack.
Shared Storage for Model Caching
Set up a ReadWriteMany PVC so all pods share downloaded model weights instead of each downloading independently. No Dynamo chart flags are needed — storage is configured in your deployment spec. Setup is cloud-provider-specific:
- AKS — Azure Files / Managed Lustre
- EKS — EFS
- GKE — Cloud Filestore (see GKE guide)
For large clusters with frequent model updates, consider ModelExpress for P2P model distribution and ModelStreamer for direct streaming from object storage. See Model Caching for the full walkthrough including the download Job, mount configuration, and ModelExpress setup.
Pre-Deployment Check
Run the pre-deployment check script to validate your cluster is ready for deployments:
This checks kubectl connectivity, default StorageClass configuration, GPU node availability, and GPU Operator status. See Pre-Deployment Checks for details.
Alternative: Install with AICR
NVIDIA AI Cluster Runtime (AICR) generates a version-locked recipe for the whole GPU and Dynamo stack, then deploys and validates it. Choose AICR when your cluster matches a validated Dynamo recipe and you want one reproducible install. Use the manual steps above for any other cluster. For the full walkthrough, see Install with AICR.
Next Steps
Your cluster is ready. Follow the Model Deployment guide to choose between applying a tuned DGD recipe, creating a DGD directly, or using DGDR to generate one.
Troubleshooting
“VALIDATION ERROR: Cannot install cluster-wide Dynamo operator”
Cause: Attempting cluster-wide install on a shared cluster with existing namespace-restricted operators.
Solution: Remove the development/test namespace-restricted operators, then install one cluster-wide operator for production use.
CRDs already exist
Cause: Installing CRDs on a cluster where they’re already present (common on shared clusters).
Solution: The cluster-wide operator’s crd-apply init container manages CRDs automatically. If you
encounter conflicts, check existing CRDs with kubectl get crd | grep dynamo.
Pods not starting?
Bitnami etcd “unrecognized” image?
Add to the helm install command:
Clean uninstall?